SafeOunce
Fees

Gold IRA Markups and Spreads: The Largest Cost Most Investors Never See (2026 Data From 7 Dealer Contracts)

What gold IRA dealers charge over spot: 7 contracts (1% to 59.99%), a break-even table, 10-year costs on $100,000 and 5 numbers to get in writing.

  • Reviewed
  • 32 sources
  • 32 min read

Key takeaways

  • A gold IRA markup is the dealer's charge built into the price of each coin or bar.
  • Gold IRA companies that publish their terms allow spreads from 1% to 59.99% of your price, depending on the product.
  • A reasonable price for a plain 1 oz gold bullion coin was about 2% to 4.5% over melt value at a large online dealer on September 29, 2026.
  • After a 20% spread, gold must rise about 25% just to reach what the dealer paid, and about 31% before a buyback returns your money.
  • Over 10 years on $100,000, custodian and storage fees cost about $3,200, while the markup costs about $5,400 on plain bullion.

A gold IRA markup is the part of the price you pay for coins or bars that sits above what the metal is worth. American Hartford Gold's September 2026 contract allows it to run from 1% to 59.99% of your price. The markup is also called the spread, meaning the dealer's cut of what you pay. Spot is the market price of one ounce of pure gold, and every retail buyer pays more.

Why do so few buyers know their number? No custodian fee sheet shows it, and most dealers do not publish it before you order. The markup is one of about 11 gold IRA fees, and on most accounts the largest. Below are 7 dealer contracts, a fair same-day price, the break-even rise, the 10-year cost, regulator findings and how to lower your markup, each from a dated source.

The 5 key figures on gold IRA markups are listed below.

  • 1% to 59.99%: the spread range in American Hartford Gold's September 2026 contract.
  • 23.4%: Lear Capital's own 2022 average spread, stated in its court-filed Chapter 11 plan.
  • About 5% to 7%: the round trip on 1 oz gold bullion coins at 3 dealers on September 29, 2026.
  • 31.1%: how much gold must rise to break even after a 20% spread and the contract buyback bid.
  • $3,180 vs $30,171: 10 years of custodian, storage and exit fees versus the total cost at Lear's average spread, on $100,000.

What Is a Gold IRA Markup?#

A gold IRA markup is the dealer's charge built into the price of each coin or bar. It is the gap between what you pay and either what the metal is worth or what the dealer paid for it. Melt value is the metal's weight times the spot price of gold. The dealer's spread is the share of your price that the dealer keeps.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) is the federal regulator of commodity markets. Its 2024 guide, "10 Things to Ask Before Buying Physical Gold, Silver, or Other Metals," says: "A dealer will always sell metal above the spot price and buy it back below the spot price." The spot price of gold is the wholesale price for one troy ounce, which no retail buyer pays.

Premium, spread and markup: the same deal measured 3 ways#

The same gold coin can show a 33% premium, a 20% spread or a 25% markup, because each number divides the dealer's gap by a different base. Dealer cost is what the dealer paid its wholesaler for the coin. The table below measures one example coin 3 ways: melt value $75, dealer cost $80, your price $100.

Measure Formula Result on the $100 coin Who uses it
Premium over melt (price - melt value) / melt value 33.3% Retail bullion dealers, quoted as a premium over spot
Spread (price - dealer cost) / price 20% Dealer contracts: American Hartford Gold, Preserve Gold, Lear Capital, Rosland Capital, American Bullion, Oxford Gold Group
Markup over cost (price - dealer cost) / dealer cost 25% Regulators and courts, such as the Red Rock Secured orders; the Metals.com complaint measures over the prevailing market price

The measures drift further apart as the gap grows. A 100% markup over cost equals a 50% spread. Red Rock Secured charged markups of up to 129.97% over its cost, according to the CFTC's consent order of April 23, 2024. At about 130% over cost, 56.5% of each dollar was dealer margin, so $100,000 bought coins that cost the dealer about $43,478.

The base matters on small sums too: on $50,000, a 10% markup leaves $45,454.55 of metal at dealer cost, while a 10% spread leaves $45,000.

Always ask for the dollar figure per coin, which no base can hide. When you buy gold, "over spot" means how far the price sits above the spot value of the gold in the coin, the premium over spot.

Why most investors never see the markup#

Most investors never see the markup because it is built into the metal price, while the custodian's fee sheet lists only account, storage and exit charges. The custodian is the trust company that legally holds your IRA. Its fee schedule is its printed price list, and the dealer's cut is not on it.

Equity Trust's Precious Metals Risk and Fee Disclosure says: "The value on your quarterly statement does not include any markups, commissions or premiums from the precious metals dealer you chose."

The SEC and NASAA investor alert on self-directed IRAs adds that custodians "generally do not evaluate the quality or legitimacy of any investment." So nobody in the chain checks the price for you. Lear Capital's terms (December 2025) even set your "exact Spread" only "during the transaction voice confirmation process," the recorded call that locks your order.

Does the gold IRA custodian charge a markup?#

No: the 5 metals custodian fee schedules we read charge flat trade fees of $0 to $75, not a percentage markup, as of September 2026. A per-trade fee is a flat charge each time the custodian buys or sells for you. Depository handling is the vault's charge for receiving or releasing metal.

Custodian (schedule) Charge per metals trade
GoldStar Trust (Rev. 01/2026) $0 to buy or sell
Entrust (Rev. 01/09/2026) $0 per metals trade
Equity Trust, Precious Metals-only (FS-0004-05 Rev. 081726) $30 per liquidation (sale)
STRATA Trust (fee page, August 31, 2026) $75 per trade ($40 + $35 depository handling)
Madison Trust (2026 schedule) $75 per investment

What gold IRA custodians do charge is compared custodian by custodian.

How Much Do Gold IRA Companies Charge Over Spot? What 7 Dealer Contracts Allow#

Gold IRA companies that publish their terms allow spreads from 1% to 59.99% of your price, depending on the product. The only average a gold IRA company has stated about itself in a court filing is 23.4%. That is Lear Capital's own 2022 figure, in its Chapter 11 plan filed June 5, 2023, with a maximum of 33%. A Chapter 11 plan is a company's court-filed plan to repay creditors while it keeps operating.

Each contract gives a spread cap, the highest spread it allows, not the price every buyer pays. Your exact markup appears only on your invoice.

The 7 contract spread ranges, side by side#

Seven dealer contracts publish a spread range, and 5 of them set higher caps on the coins called exclusive, premium or numismatic. Lear Capital and American Bullion give one range for all products. A numismatic coin is a collector coin priced for rarity or condition. An exclusive coin is one only that dealer sells, and "semi-numismatic" is a sales label for coins priced between bullion and collector coins.

Company (status) Document and date Bullion Premium, exclusive or numismatic IRA rule Break-even rise at the top cap
American Hartford Gold (operating) Shipping and Transaction Agreement, uploaded September 2026 1.00% to 19.99% Exclusive and semi-numismatic up to 39.99%; limited numismatic up to 59.99% Same caps for cash and IRA; 2023 version: IRA "generally up to" 34.99% 25.0% (bullion cap); 149.9% (59.99% cap)
Preserve Gold (operating) Shipping and Transaction Agreement, June 2025 Up to 20% Up to 34.99% IRA "generally up to" 34.99%, even for bullion 53.8%
Lear Capital (operating) Terms and Conditions, last updated December 2025 2% to 35% for all products Same range 2022 average 23.4%, maximum 33% (Chapter 11 plan) 53.8% (35%)
Rosland Capital (failed: liquidating Chapter 11 filed July 2, 2026) Customer agreement, archived January 11, 2024 4% to 21% 17% to 33%; "exclusive" coins sold with no spread reference IRA 17% to 25% 33.3% (25% IRA cap); 49.3% (33%)
American Bullion (operating) Shipping and Transaction Agreement, posted October 2024 "Typically" 7% to 23% for all products Same range No separate IRA rule 29.9%
Oxford Gold Group (failed: involuntary Chapter 7 filed August 28, 2024) Customer agreement, court exhibit filed August 6, 2024 3% to 15% 15% to 33% Pricing "the same" for IRA and cash 49.3%
Metals.com / TMTE (CFTC case pending) Agreements quoted in the CFTC complaint of September 22, 2020 "1 to 5%" 17% to 33% IRA 2% to 33%, later 1% to 19.9% 49.3%

Company website links in this table: SafeOunce earns nothing from these links.

Break-even = spread / (1 - spread), before the dealer's buyback gap. Caps are maximums, not the price charged. Documents read September 29, 2026. The row order is not a ranking.

The widest caps sit on the coins with the vaguest labels. American Bullion's agreement adds that its spread "is not based on the spot price or American's actual acquisition cost." In plain English: the percentage labels the dealer's margin and promises nothing about the metal's value.

Cancellation windows, arbitration and claim deadlines in the same gold IRA company contracts are compared on their own page.

Why the same coin can cost more inside an IRA#

The same coin can cost more inside an IRA, because at least 2 dealers' documents allow higher spreads on IRA orders than on cash orders. A cash order is metal you buy and take home; an IRA order is held by the custodian.

Preserve Gold's agreement (June 2025) caps bullion at "twenty percent (20%)." For IRA orders, its spread on bullion and coins "was generally up to thirty-four point ninety nine percent (34.99%)." In plain English: the same bullion coin may carry up to 15 more points of spread inside an IRA. American Hartford Gold's 2023 agreement used the same wording.

The New York Attorney General alleged the same split at Lear Capital (Erie County Index No. 807970/2021). Its 2021 petition says Lear "typically charged up to a 10% fee for bullion sold outside of an IRA." Inside an IRA, a salesperson "could charge anywhere from 0% (sell at cost) to 33% above cost." Lear settled in 2021 without admitting the allegations.

How many gold IRA companies publish their spread?#

Only 4 of 15 operating gold IRA sellers we checked publish a spread range, and none of 17 gives the exact spread before you order. The count is as of September 29, 2026, and the sellers fall into 3 disclosure patterns, listed below.

  • Spread range published (4 sellers): American Hartford Gold, Preserve Gold, Lear Capital and American Bullion.
  • Live prices published (1 seller): Orion Metal Exchange. At about 09:54 UTC on September 29, 2026, its "as low as" prices were 5.90% over spot for a 1 oz Gold Eagle and 13.38% for a 1 oz proof. A 1/10 oz Eagle was 21.95%.
  • Neither published: the other sellers checked, including Goldco, Birch Gold Group, Noble Gold, Augusta Precious Metals, U.S. Money Reserve, GoldenCrest Metals, Allegiance Gold, Priority Gold and Patriot Gold.

Sellers that publish custodian fees, such as Goldco and Noble Gold, publish no spread. Spread publishers mostly print no account fees; American Bullion is the one operating seller found that prints both. In plain English: each company shows you half the price, so ask for the other half. The Orion figures are one dated snapshot, not a recommendation.

What Is a Reasonable Markup on Gold Coins and Bars?#

A reasonable price for a plain 1 oz gold bullion coin was about 2% to 4.5% over melt value at a large online dealer on September 29, 2026. Buying one and selling it straight back, a round trip, cost about 5% to 7% at 3 dealers that morning. Small and collector coins run higher.

Plain 1 oz bullion coins and bars#

Plain 1 oz gold coins and bars cost the least over melt value. At SD Bullion, a large online dealer, they ran from 1.79% for a PAMP bar to 5.71% for a Gold Buffalo on September 29, 2026. The wire price is the price for paying by bank wire, the cheapest way to pay. The table below shows the premium over melt at the wire price for 9 IRA-eligible 1 oz products.

1 oz product (SD Bullion, wire price, September 29, 2026) Premium over melt
PAMP Suisse bar 1.79%
Australian Kangaroo 2.02%
Austrian Philharmonic 2.03%
Chinese Panda (1 oz, pre-2016) 2.34%
British Britannia (random year) 2.57%
American Gold Eagle (random year) 3.03%
Canadian Maple Leaf 3.10%
American Gold Eagle (2026) 4.36%
American Gold Buffalo 5.71%

Only Britannias dated 2013 or later meet the fineness test, so a "random year" Britannia needs a date check. The cheapest 1 oz coin on the same page, the Krugerrand at 0.11%, is not IRA-eligible.

The table below shows the round trip at the same dealer, captured about 10:20 UTC on September 29, 2026.

1 oz product Ask (you pay) Bid (you get) Loss if sold back at once Rise needed to break even
American Gold Eagle $4,280.53 $4,049.93 5.39% 5.69%
PAMP Suisse bar $4,230.68 $4,009.93 5.22% 5.51%
Canadian Maple Leaf $4,282.45 $4,034.93 5.78% 6.13%
British Britannia $4,260.68 $4,009.93 5.89% 6.25%
American Gold Buffalo $4,391.80 $4,064.93 7.44% 8.04%

Two other dealers confirm the range. The 1 oz Gold Eagle round trip was 5.61% at Pacific Precious Metals (break-even rise 5.94%) and 7.55% at Fisher Precious Metals on a backdated coin (8.16%).

Prices also differ between dealers. That morning, the 1 oz American Gold Eagle cost $4,259.61 at Blanchard (2.69% over Kitco's gold bid of $4,148.10) and $4,508.06 at Texas Precious Metals (8.68%). The gap was $248.45 per coin, or 5.8%. Card prices ran about 4% above wire prices at Blanchard and Pacific Precious Metals (4.2% at Summit).

IRA purchases are paid by custodian wire, so the wire price is the right comparison. These snapshots are a yardstick, not a recommendation, and SD Bullion's bid may lag spot. The American Gold Eagle in an IRA is eligible at .9167 fine because 26 U.S.C. 408(m)(3)(A) names the coin.

Fractional, proof and premium coins#

Smaller and fancier coins carry much bigger markups. On September 29, 2026, a 1/10 oz Gold Eagle cost 13.82% over melt at SD Bullion, and a 1/10 oz proof Eagle with box and certificate cost 34.89%. A fractional coin is any coin under 1 oz. A proof coin has a special collector finish, and a COA is its certificate of authenticity. The table below shows the Gold Eagle size and finish ladder.

American Gold Eagle (SD Bullion, September 29, 2026) Price Price per ounce of gold Premium over melt
1 oz, random year $4,280.53 $4,280.53 3.03%
1 oz proof, capsule only (no box or COA) $4,356.43 $4,356.43 4.81%
1/2 oz (2026) $2,241.37 $4,482.74 7.83%
1/4 oz (2026) $1,151.82 $4,607.28 10.83%
1/10 oz (2026) $473.18 $4,731.80 13.82%
1/10 oz proof with box and COA $560.63 $5,606.30 34.89%

Custodians such as STRATA Trust and GoldStar Trust require proof coins in original mint packaging with the certificate, so the cheap capsule-only proof may be refused. What custodians accept for proof coins in an IRA is covered separately.

Why is the gold premium so high on small coins? Minting and handling cost about the same per coin, whatever it weighs, so the cost per ounce rises as the coin shrinks. In 5 of 8 regulator and court records, small or "premium" coins carried the biggest markups, such as the fractional coins in the Metals.com complaint.

The yardsticks regulators use#

Regulators publish ranges, not a legal cap on gold IRA markups: 4 yardsticks exist, and the only one used to pay customers back is a 12% spread. An advisory is a public warning from a regulator. Restitution is money a court or plan orders paid back to customers. The 4 regulator yardsticks are listed below, oldest first.

  1. CFTC advisory 8215-20 (August 4, 2020): bullion premiums run "between 5 percent and 10 percent." Numismatic coins carry premiums "from 40 percent to 200 percent above the spot price."
  2. CFTC "10 Things" guide (2024): "Some fraudulent dealers have charged spreads of more than 300 percent while others dealers may charge less than 20 percent." Some "gold or silver IRA fraud victims had one-third to one-half of their savings drained by fraudsters' markups, fees, and commissions."
  3. CFTC flier "Lies Versus Facts" (March 2024): "This 'spread' can range anywhere from 30 to 300 percent or more."
  4. Lear Capital's Chapter 11 plan (2023), which carried a multistate settlement: refunds equal "the difference between the total spread charged on the transaction ... and a hypothetical 12% spread."

In plain English: "less than 20 percent" describes other dealers, not a fair-price standard. The CFTC also calls "semi-numismatic" "a made-up industry term that really has no special meaning," yet American Hartford Gold's 2026 contract uses it for its 39.99% cap. Numismatic coin upsells often start with that label.

How Much Must Gold Rise to Break Even After the Markup?#

After a 20% spread, gold must rise about 25% just to reach what the dealer paid, and about 31% before a buyback returns your money. Break-even is the price rise you need just to get your money back. The buyback gap is the extra distance between what the dealer paid and what it pays you when you sell.

The rise needed to reach the dealer's cost is the spread divided by (1 minus the spread): a 20% spread gives 0.20 / 0.80 = 25%. The years columns assume compound growth, where each year's gain builds on the last. The table below turns 10 spreads from contracts and regulators into break-even figures.

Spread Whose number Rise to dealer cost Value of $100,000 if sold back at once Rise needed incl. buyback gap Years at 4% a year Years at 7% a year
1% AHG bullion floor 1.0% $94,359 6.0% 1.5 0.9
5% Round number 5.3% $90,547 10.4% 2.5 1.5
10% Round number 11.1% $85,781 16.6% 3.9 2.3
12% Lear refund line 13.6% $83,875 19.2% 4.5 2.6
19.99% AHG bullion cap 25.0% $76,260 31.1% 6.9 4.0
23.4% Lear 2022 average 30.5% $73,009 37.0% 8.0 4.6
33% Lear maximum 49.3% $63,859 56.6% 11.4 6.6
34.99% Preserve IRA cap 53.8% $61,963 61.4% 12.2 7.1
39.99% AHG exclusive cap 66.6% $57,197 74.8% 14.2 8.3
59.99% AHG limited numismatic cap 149.9% $38,135 162.2% 24.6 14.2

SafeOunce computation. Buyback gap from the dealers' own template example ($30.50 bid on a $32 cost). Growth rates are illustrations, not forecasts. Fees excluded.

The NY AG petition alleges that Lear's receipt showed the rise needed "just to 'break even,' often approaching 50%." A 33% spread gives 49.3%. To test your own quote, work out how much metal must rise to cover the markup, fees and buyback.

The buyback gap: why you sell below the dealer's cost#

When you sell back, the dealer pays its wholesale bid, which sits below what it paid, so the loss on a quick resale is bigger than the spread. The ask is the price a dealer charges you. The bid is the price it pays you, and the wholesale bid is what its own supplier pays.

Preserve Gold's agreement (June 2025), Lear Capital's terms (December 2025) and Rosland Capital's agreement (2024) print the same example. A silver coin sold at "$40 with a 20% Spread" cost the dealer "$32." Its "buyback (at the same moment in time) might be approximately $30.50."

That example puts the buyback bid about 4.7% below the dealer's cost ($30.50 vs $32). This bid ask gap is what turns a 20% spread into a 23.75% instant loss.

Five contracts (American Hartford Gold, Preserve Gold, Lear Capital, American Bullion and Oxford Gold Group) say the law prohibits a buyback guarantee. Lear says it charges no spread when it buys back metal it sold you and that it "has never refused" a buyback. That is a claim about the past, not a promise.

Some sellers charge again on the way out. U.S. Gold Bureau's consignment buyback pays the retail ask minus 18% after 60 months. Priority Gold charges an 18% consignment fee on non-bullion after 60 or more months.

When you sell gold from an IRA, do you get the spot price?#

No: dealers buy below spot. On September 29, 2026, SD Bullion's bid for a 1 oz Gold Eagle was $4,049.93, about 2.6% below the spot price on its own page. That bid may lag the live price, so get a same-day quote. Your custodian sells at the dealer's bid and adds its own flat fee: $30 per liquidation at Equity Trust (Precious Metals-only schedule) or $75 at STRATA Trust.

How many years it takes to earn back a markup#

At a steady 5% a year, a 30% markup takes about 5.4 years to earn back and a 300% markup about 28.4 years, before any account fees. The table below reads the CFTC's "30 to 300 percent" range as markups over the metal's value and adds 3 real case markups, each with its measure.

Markup Source and measure Metal your $100,000 buys Years to earn back at 5% a year Years at 8% a year
30% CFTC range, low end $76,923 5.4 3.4
50% Round number $66,667 8.3 5.3
64% Safeguard Metals, SEC average on silver coins $60,976 10.1 6.4
100% Round number $50,000 14.2 9.0
130% Red Rock Secured, court finding over cost $43,478 17.1 10.8
213% Metals.com, alleged average on 1/2 oz silver, over market price $31,949 23.4 14.8
300% CFTC range, high end $25,000 28.4 18.0

SafeOunce computation: years = ln(1 + markup) / ln(1 + growth rate). Growth rates are illustrations, not forecasts.

The CFTC calls these figures spreads. But a spread measured as a share of your price cannot pass 100%, so the 300% case only makes sense as a markup over the metal's value (SafeOunce reading). A 65-year-old who pays a 300% markup and earns 5% a year breaks even at about 93.

What Does the Markup Cost Over 10 Years on $100,000?#

Over 10 years on $100,000, custodian and storage fees cost about $3,200, while the markup costs about $5,400 on plain bullion. At Lear Capital's stated 2022 average spread, the markup costs about $27,000. Total cost here means every dollar lost to fees and the dealer's gap, with the gold price held flat. Segregated storage keeps your own coins apart from other owners' coins in the vault.

The table uses Equity Trust's Precious Metals-only schedule (FS-0004-05 Rev. 081726) with segregated storage: $50 setup, $285 a year and $280 to exit ($30 liquidation plus $250 termination). Fees are paid from outside the IRA. Case A is plain bullion with a 5.4% round trip. Case B is Lear's 23.4% average plus the buyback gap, 27.0% in all. Case C is American Hartford Gold's 39.99% exclusive cap plus the gap, 42.8% in all.

Account Case 1 year 5 years 10 years Rise to break even over 10 years
$50,000 A: bullion, 5.4% round trip $3,315 (6.6%) $4,455 (8.9%) $5,880 (11.8%) 12.4%
$50,000 B: Lear 23.4% average $14,110 (28.2%) $15,250 (30.5%) $16,675 (33.4%) 45.7%
$50,000 C: AHG 39.99% cap $22,016 (44.0%) $23,156 (46.3%) $24,581 (49.2%) 86.0%
$100,000 A: bullion, 5.4% round trip $6,015 (6.0%) $7,155 (7.2%) $8,580 (8.6%) 9.1% (0.87% a year)
$100,000 B: Lear 23.4% average $27,606 (27.6%) $28,746 (28.7%) $30,171 (30.2%) 41.3% (3.52% a year)
$100,000 C: AHG 39.99% cap $43,418 (43.4%) $44,558 (44.6%) $45,983 (46.0%) 80.4% (6.08% a year)
$250,000 A: bullion, 5.4% round trip $14,115 (5.6%) $15,255 (6.1%) $16,680 (6.7%) 7.1%
$250,000 B: Lear 23.4% average $68,092 (27.2%) $69,232 (27.7%) $70,657 (28.3%) 38.7%
$250,000 C: AHG 39.99% cap $107,622 (43.0%) $108,762 (43.5%) $110,187 (44.1%) 77.1%

One point of spread on $100,000 is $1,000. That equals 3.5 years of a $285 yearly custodian and storage fee, or 4.7 years of a $215 fee. The gold IRA fee calculator runs the same 10-year model on your balance and custodian.

The custodian part stays at $3,180 in every case. So the cheapest custodian saves hundreds to a few thousand dollars over 10 years; the right product and price can save tens of thousands.

Ranking companies by lowest total cost, markups included, uses this same model.

What Did Regulators Find When Gold IRA Markups Were Hidden?#

In the biggest gold IRA markup cases, customers heard figures of 1% to 5% or 2% to 3%, while regulators found or alleged markups of 28.7% to 213%. A consent order is an order a company agrees to, often without admitting wrongdoing. An allegation is a claim not yet proven in court. Disgorgement means giving up the profits from the conduct. The table below sets what customers were told next to what was found, with each case's measure.

Case, court and date What customers were told or signed What was found or alleged Measure Status (as of September 29, 2026)
Red Rock Secured: CFTC v. Red Rock (C.D. Cal. 2:23-cv-03680), charged May 15, 2023 "4% to 29%" or "1% to 5%" 91.89% to 129.97% Over Red Rock's cost CFTC consent order April 23, 2024: $56,334,313.90 in restitution, disgorgement and penalty; now American Coin Co.
Metals.com: CFTC and 30 states v. TMTE (N.D. Tex. 3:20-cv-02910), filed September 22, 2020 Bullion "1 to 5%"; IRA 2% to 33%, later 1% to 19.9% Alleged averages of 213% (1/2 oz silver), 120% (1/10 oz gold), 116% (1/4 oz gold) Over prevailing market price Pending; civil trial set for March 1, 2027
Safeguard Metals: CFTC release 8812-23, liability consent order October 25, 2023 Margin stated as 4% to 23% Average 71% (CFTC); average 64% on silver coins (SEC) CFTC: against the 23% stated maximum; SEC: markup on silver coins Closed; final judgments in 2025
Lear Capital: NY AG (Erie County 807970/2021) "Approximately 2-3%" (customer affidavits) Up to 33% (alleged) Hidden commissions above cost Settled December 30, 2021, $6 million, no admission
GSI Exchange: Texas State Securities Board orders ENF-21-CDO-1844 (July 22, 2021) and ENF-23-CDO-1875 (effective September 15, 2023) Markup not disclosed 28.7% to 38.7% Over GSI's cost Consent order, no admission

The figures differ in size because the cases measure different things. Red Rock's are court findings over the dealer's cost, while Metals.com's are allegations over the market price. The full tracker of gold and precious metals IRA enforcement actions lists about 45 cases since 2008.

Five patterns in 8 regulator and court records#

Eight regulator and court records on markups share 5 patterns: the most common is retirement money targeted (6 of 8), followed by small premium coins (5 of 8). The records are 3 on Lear Capital (NY AG, Los Angeles City Attorney, bankruptcy plan), 2 on Red Rock (SEC, CFTC), CFTC v. TMTE (Metals.com), Texas AG v. U.S. Money Reserve (2011) and the Rosland Capital bankruptcy. The 5 patterns are listed by how many of the 8 records show them.

  1. Retirement money targeted (6 of 8): IRA, TSP and 401(k) rollovers are named.
  2. Small or "premium" coins with the biggest markups (5 of 8).
  3. A disclosed range that was not the real number (4 of 8).
  4. A first custodian statement that exposed the markup (3 of 8): Lear's New York customers saw holdings that "had declined by a third."
  5. Invented labels (3 of 8): "ask to cost fee", "semi-numismatic" and "premium metals."

These patterns sit behind most of the warning signs of gold IRA scams.

Where the markup money goes#

Most of a large markup pays the dealer's running costs, not profit: Lear's own plan shows net profit of 2.51% to 2.77% of revenue while its average spread was 23.4%. Gross spread is the dealer's whole cut before costs. Net profit is what remains after commissions, advertising, rent and staff.

Rosland Capital's 2026 bankruptcy declaration says its representatives were paid "15%-35% of the gross profit." Applied to Lear's average deal as an illustration, that rate would be about $1,829 to $4,267.

American Hartford Gold's 2026 agreement says its representatives "are not licensed." They "are compensated on commission based at least partially on the volume and profit margin of precious metals they sell." In plain English: the person on the phone earns more when you pay more.

How Do You Find Out What Markup You Paid?#

You find the markup you paid by comparing your invoice price with the metal's value on the same date, which your custodian's statement shows without the dealer's markup. The invoice is the dealer's bill for your order. The statement value is the custodian's estimate of the metal's fair market value, meaning what it would fetch on the open market. The 3 steps below give you the percentage.

  1. Find the total on the dealer's invoice. Lear Capital, for example, confirms the exact spread on it.
  2. Find the metal value on your first custodian statement, or multiply your ounces by the spot price on the invoice date.
  3. Divide the gap by the invoice total: (invoice - metal value) / invoice. The result is the share of your money above metal value, spread and coin premium together.

Every line of a gold IRA statement is explained separately.

Why did my gold IRA drop right after I bought?#

Your gold IRA shows a drop right after you buy because the custodian values the metal at its market value, which excludes the markup you paid. The CFTC and FINRA "10 Things" guide (2024) says the statement "shows the 'melt' value of the metals," meaning weight times spot. The table below shows roughly what the first statement shows after 3 spread levels.

Spread paid First statement shows about
5% 95% of your price
20% 80% of your price
33% 67% of your price

The NY AG petition alleges that elderly Lear customers were "shocked to see in their first statement ... that the value of their retirement holdings had declined by a third." A drop close to your spread is the markup, not a custodian error. The custodian also reports that December 31 value, without the markup, in box 5 of Form 5498.

What to do next depends on your case. The 3 cases are listed below, most urgent first.

  1. Metal missing from your depository account after about 28 days: write to the custodian at once, then contact police, the FBI's IC3 (ic3.gov) and your state attorney general.
  2. Deceptive price (told 2% to 5%, statement 20% or more lower): cancel in writing if still inside the window. Then file a CFTC tip (866-366-2382), contact your state securities regulator and consider arbitration.
  3. Legal but expensive (a disclosed high spread): stop buying, refuse swaps into other "premium" coins, and compare sell-back bids from 2 or more dealers.

How to Keep a Gold IRA Markup Low: 5 Numbers to Get in Writing#

Keep a gold IRA markup low by getting 5 numbers in writing before any money moves, and by buying plain 1 oz bullion rather than small or exclusive coins. The CFTC's "10 Things" guide asks you to get "all fees, costs, commissions, and agreed retail price in writing BEFORE signing." The 5 numbers to get in writing are listed in the order you ask for them.

  1. Price per coin and per ounce over spot at the moment of the order.
  2. Dollar spread on your order, not a percentage range.
  3. Buyback price today for the same coins: the CFTC suggests asking "how much you would receive if you had to sell back the metal tomorrow."
  4. Custodian's fee schedule, with its revision code.
  5. Every exit cost: termination, transfer-out, in-kind and any dealer cancellation charge.

A cancellation window is the period after an order when you can back out, and dealers' windows are short, as of September 2026. Lear Capital allows 24 hours after the invoice (longer in some states) and Preserve Gold 24 hours. American Hartford Gold allows 7 days for non-bullion orders only.

A separate 7-day right to revoke, meaning undo, the new IRA itself runs against the custodian (Treas. Reg. 1.408-6). Whether you can cancel a gold IRA order depends on which of the two windows applies.

Are gold IRA markups negotiable?#

Yes, at least one dealer's contract says so: American Hartford Gold's 2026 agreement states that "The Spread may be negotiable" and may differ from what others pay.

Paying by wire also helps. It avoids American Hartford Gold's 3% card fee. It also avoids the 4% card surcharge, an extra fee for paying by card, at Blanchard and Pacific Precious Metals (September 29, 2026). The 5 numbers are the price questions among the 12 to ask when you choose a gold IRA company.

7 red flags that a markup is too high#

Seven signs point to a markup far above the bullion benchmark, and 2 or more together mean you should stop and get a written quote from a second dealer. The 7 red flags are listed below.

  1. A round trip on 1 oz bullion above about 10%, against a same-day benchmark of about 5% to 7%.
  2. A 1/10, 1/4 or 1/2 oz coin pitched as an investment.
  3. A switch from bullion to "premium", "exclusive" or "semi-numismatic" coins.
  4. A percentage range instead of a dollar spread per coin.
  5. A free-silver or fee-waiver offer tied to specific coins.
  6. A recorded "confirmation call" with yes/no questions about the fee, as in the Lear New York case.
  7. A first custodian statement 10% or more below what you paid.

If a dealer's markup hid behind any of these signs, here is how to report a gold IRA company.

What Other Gold IRA Fees Come on Top of the Markup?#

On top of the markup, custodian and storage fees cost about $215 to $656 a year on a $50,000 account at the metals custodians we checked. Those figures are as of September 2026, and setup and closing charges come on top. Commingled storage keeps your coins with other owners' identical coins. The table below lists the other cost layers and where each is covered.

Cost layer Typical amount (as of September 2026) Covered in
Custodian setup and yearly fees $0 to $50 setup; $90 to $556 a year gold IRA custodian fees
Storage Commingled $110 to $125; segregated $160 to $225 minimum, flat gold IRA storage fees
Wire, paper, late and card fees Wire $30 to $50; paper statements $40 to $60 a year; card fee 3% at American Hartford Gold hidden gold IRA fees
"Fees paid for life" offers 10 years of Equity Trust segregated fees are worth about $2,900 no-fee gold IRA offers
Closing and transfer-out $150 to $250 to close termination and transfer-out fees
Flat vs value-based fees Crossover at $57,000 ($285 flat vs 0.50%) flat vs scaled gold IRA fees
Company minimums $5,000 (Birch) to $50,000 (Augusta, per its FAQ updated September 23, 2026), where published money you need to start a gold IRA
A gold ETF inside an existing IRA GLDM 0.10% a year, no coin markup gold IRA vs gold ETF

An ETF, or exchange-traded fund, is a fund you buy like a stock. Its expense ratio is the yearly fee it charges as a share of your money.

Questions readers ask about gold IRA markups#

Five questions come up most often after the basics.

What are typical fees for a gold IRA?#

Typical gold IRA fees are $0 to $50 to open and about $215 to $656 a year on a $50,000 account at metals custodians, as of September 2026. A dealer spread comes on top and is usually the largest cost, as the cost table above and the 10-year model show.

Can you get money back if a dealer overcharged you?#

Sometimes: inside the dealer's cancellation window you can cancel, and after that money comes back mainly through arbitration or a regulator's restitution order, often only in part. Arbitration is a private hearing in place of a court case, required by contracts such as Lear Capital's and American Hartford Gold's. American Hartford Gold's also sets a 1-year claim deadline (paragraph 14).

In CFTC v. Safeguard Metals (final judgment, September 30, 2025), restitution equals what customers paid minus the metal's value at the time of sale. Lear Capital's plan paid allowed claims the spread above a hypothetical 12%, from a fixed $5.5 million pool. The pending Metals.com case paid an interim $8 million, 11.07% of $72,260,999 in approved claims. Failed Rosland Capital held $212,661.60 in cash against about $60.8 million owed (0.35%, August 6, 2026).

Across 6 resolved cases, the median time from filing to a money order was about 12 months; contested cases take 3 to 6 or more years. No current IRS guidance allows a deduction for a loss inside an IRA. The routes to get your money back from a gold IRA company are set out step by step.

Is free silver with a gold IRA really free?#

Free silver is only a gift if the coins you must buy are priced like plain bullion. A 10% bonus on coins with a 30% markup still leaves an 18.2% effective markup, which is (1 + markup) / (1 + bonus) minus 1. The FTC's guide on "free" offers, 16 CFR 251.1(b)(1), says the cost of a free item must not be recovered "by marking up the price of the article which must be purchased." How free silver and bonus metal offers are paid for is worked through with real offers.

Are markups on silver coins higher than on gold?#

Yes: on September 29, 2026 the 1 oz Silver Eagle cost 8.28% to about 29.9% over spot at 5 dealers, while the 1 oz Gold Eagle cost 2.69% to 8.68%. Both ranges are measured over Kitco's bid that morning: $60.72 for silver and $4,148.10 for gold. Silver's wider premiums change the math of a silver IRA.

What is the downside of a gold IRA?#

The main downsides of a gold IRA are the markup and flat fees, which small accounts feel most, and metal that pays no interest or dividends. Every dollar of markup must come back through the gold price alone. The pros, cons and the real downsides are weighed with 55 years of data.